Obese patients lose weight and improve cholesterol on a high fat diet

Published in Exp Clin Cardiol. 2004 Fall;9(3):200-5.

Long-term effects of a ketogenic diet in obese patients.
Dashti HM, Mathew TC, Hussein T, Asfar SK, Behbahani A, Khoursheed MA, Al-Sayer HM, Bo-Abbas YY, Al-Zaid NS.

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19641727

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of a 24-week ketogenic diet (consisting of 30 g carbohydrate, 1 g/kg body weight protein, 20% saturated fat, and 80% polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat) in 83 obese patients.

The results of the study revealed that:
(a) The weight and body mass index of the patients decreased significantly.
(b) HDL (good) cholesterol levels significantly increased.
(c) LDL (bad) cholesterol levels significantly decreased.
(d) The level of (bad) triglycerides decreased significantly.

Dashti concluded that the study shows the beneficial effects of a long term ketogenic diet.

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Review finds that very low carbohydrate diets were associated with improvements in the cholesterol profile to a greater extent than low fat diets

The American Society for Nutritional Sciences J. Nutr. 135:1339-1342, June 2005

Modification of Lipoproteins by Very Low-Carbohydrate Diets1
Jeff S. Volek2, Matthew J. Sharman and Cassandra E. Forsythe
Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, U-1110, Storrs, CT 06269-1110
2To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jeff.volek@uconn.edu.

This paper can be accessed at: http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/135/6/1339
 
This paper is a review that summarizes the latest studies that have examined the effects of very low carbohydrate diets on cholesterol values and related risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
 
The review found that very low carbohydrate diets were associated with improvements in the cholesterol profile to a greater extent than low fat diets.

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Low carbohydrate/high fat diet promotes weight loss

This post includes a summary of a study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation Vol. 45, No. 10, 1966 and a recipe for green eggs.

Study title and authors:
Glucose, Insulin, and Triglyceride Responses to High and Low Carbohydrate Diets in Man *

Books:

JOHN W. FARQUHAR,t ARTHUR FRANK,4 RICHARD C. GROSS,§ AND GERALD M. REAVEN WITH THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE OF E. P. BROWN

(From the Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif.)

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC292847/pdf/jcinvest00268-0140.pdf

The study found an association between a high carbohydrate diet and an increase in triglyceride and cholesterol levels.

The study also observed weight loss was associated with a low carbohydrate/high fat diet.

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Recipe of the day

Green Eggs

Food Mall: Eggs

Ingredients:

• 1/2 c raw spinach

• 1 T coconut milk
• 1 egg

Instructions:
Put all the ingredients in a blender and puree. Then scramble like normal eggs.

Green Eggs



Low carbohydrate ketogenic diets can lead to weight loss and favorable changes in cholesterol values

This post includes a summary of a study published in Current Atherosclerosis Reports Volume 5, Number 6 / November, 2003 476-483 and a recipe for crispy beef with herbs and caraway.

Books:

Study title and authors:

A review of low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets
Eric C. Westman1 , John Mavropoulos1, William S. Yancy Jr.1 and Jeff S. Volek1
(1) Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Suite 200-B Wing, 2200 West Main Street, Box 50, 27705 Durham, NC, USA
 
This paper can be accessed at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/t13nu02772414711/
 
This review into low carbohydrate ketogenic diets established that they can lead to weight loss and favorable changes in cholesterol values.

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Recipe of the day

Crispy Beef with Herbs and Caraway

 

Ingredients:

Food Mall: Sirloin

1.3kg/3lb lean beef silverside, topside or sirloin joint

45ml/3tbsp dried marjoram

15ml/1tb caraway seeds, finely crushed

6 garlic cloves, peeled and crushed

90ml/6tbsp olive oil

Salt and freshly milled black pepper

Method:

1.Preheat the oven to Gas mark 4-5, 180-190°C, 350-375°F.

2.In a small bowl mix together the marjoram, caraway seeds, garlic, olive oil and seasoning.

3.Place the joint on a board, score the skin and rub the herb mixture over the joint, Cover and marinate in the refrigerator for 1-2 hours.

4.Place the joint on a rack in a roasting tin and open roast for the preferred calculated cooking time, basting occasionally with any rich beefy juices. Cover the joint with foil if browning too quickly.

5.Leave to rest for 5-10 minutes before carving.

 



Beneficial effects of a ketogenic diet

Published in Springer Volume 286, Numbers 1-2 / June, 2006

Long Term Effects of Ketogenic Diet in Obese Subjects with High Cholesterol Level
Hussein M. Dashti1, 5 , Naji S. Al-Zaid2, Thazhumpal C. Mathew3, Mahdi Al-Mousawi4, Hussain Talib4, Sami K. Asfar1 and Abdulla I. Behbahani1
(1) Department of Surgery, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
(2) Department of Physiology, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
(3) Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
(4) Primary Health Care Salmeiah and Shaab Clinic, Safat, Kuwait
(5) Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait

This paper can be accessed at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/cq1l10803t1j9621/
 
This study demonstrated how a ketogenic diet led to weight loss and improved cholesterol.
 
The paper concludes: "This study shows the beneficial effects of ketogenic diet following its long term administration in obese subjects with a high level of total cholesterol. Moreover, this study demonstrates that low carbohydrate diet is safe to use for a longer period of time in obese subjects with a high total cholesterol level and those with normocholesterolemia".

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A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia

Published in the Ann Intern Med. 2004 May 18;140(10):769-77.

A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet versus a low-fat diet to treat obesity and hyperlipidemia: a randomized, controlled trial.
Yancy WS Jr, Olsen MK, Guyton JR, Bakst RP, Westman EC.
Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA.

This paper can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15148063?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_SingleItemSupl.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=3&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed

The low-carb diet produced improved cholesterol and greater weight loss than a low-fat diet.

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Recipe of the day

Roast Lamb with Herbs

Ingredients:
1 garlic clove, minced
1 tsp pepper
1 crushed bay leaf
1/2 tsp ginger
1/2 tsp marjoram
1/2 tsp thyme
1/2 tsp sage
1 Tbsp oil
1 leg of lamb

Instructions:
Mix garlic, seasonings, herbs and oil together. Rub on the roast. Place lamb on rack in roasting pan. Cook, uncovered, at 300F for approximately 30 minutes per pound.

Low fat diets and low carbohydrates diets effects on cholesterol and weight loss

This post includes a synopsis on a study published in the J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):880-5 and a recipe for tender braised brisket with carmelized onions and tomatoes.

Study title and authors:
Very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets affect fasting lipids and postprandial lipemia differently in overweight men.
Sharman MJ, Gómez AL, Kraemer WJ, Volek JS.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA.

This study can be accessed at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15051841                 Books:

The subjects on the low carbohydrate diet had a greater weight loss. The low carbohydrate diet also improved the mens cholesterol profile. There was a decrease in triglycerides and blood sugar, and in increase in LDL cholesterol particle size. All these factors give protection from heart disease. See here, here and here 

Since triglyceride levels and the size of the LDL particles (smaller being worse) are a lot more important than total cholesterol or LDL in determining cardiovascular disease risk, low-carb clearly performed better here than the low-fat diet.

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Recipe of the day

Tender Braised Brisket with Carmelized Onions and Tomatoes

4 servings

Ingredients:                                                                                                     Food Mall: Beef Brisket

2 pounds beef brisket

1 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon black pepper
2 tablespoons oil
2 white or yellow onions, sliced
4 celery stalks, sliced
4 garlic cloves, roughly chopped
1/4 cup apple cider vinegar
1 tablespoon dried parsley
One 28-ounce can diced or whole tomatoes or 3 cups chopped fresh tomatoes with juice
1-2 cups beef stock

Instructions:
Preheat oven to 350 degrees.

Season brisket with salt and pepper. Over medium-high heat, add oil to either a Dutch oven or a skillet. Brown the brisket on each side, 8-10 minutes total. Set the meat aside.

Turn heat down to medium. Add onions and celery to the same skillet and sauté until nicely browned, about 12 minutes. Add garlic and vinegar and scrape up any browned bits stuck to the pot. Add dried parsley, tomato and stock and bring to a simmer.

Return brisket to the Dutch oven, or transfer everything into an oven-proof dish that is large enough to hold the meat and vegetables. (You can also transfer the ingredients into a slow cooker at this point, instead of using the oven).

Braise in the oven, covered with a lid or tight foil, for 2 1/2 hours or until the meat is tender enough that it easily pulls apart with a fork.